AGREEMENT OF 20TH MARCH, 1990

Austria
CONVENTION BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS AND THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA FOR THE AVOIDANCE OF DOUBLE TAXATION WITH RESPECT TO TAXES ON INCOME AND ON CAPITAL. 
The Republic of Cyprus and the Republic of Austria, desiring to conclude a Convention for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income and on capital, have agreed as follows: 

Article 1 
Personal Scope 
This Convention shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the Contracting States. 

Article 2 
Taxes Covered 
(1)	This Convention shall apply to taxes on income and on capital imposed on behalf of a Contracting State or of its political subdivisions or local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied. 
(2)	There shall be regarded as taxes on income and on capital all taxes imposed on total income, on total capital, or on elements of income or of capital, including taxes on gains from the alienation of movable or immovable property, as well as taxes on capital appreciation. 
(3)	The existing taxes to which the Convention shall apply are in particular: 
(a)	in Austria: 
1.	the income tax (die Einkommensteuer); 
2.	the corporation tax (die Korperschaftsteuer); 
3.	the directors' tax (die Aufsichtsratsabgabe); 
4.	the capital tax (die Vermogensteuer); 
5.	the tax on property eluding death duties (die Abgabe von Vermogen, die der Erbschaftssteuer entzogen sind); 
6.	the tax on commercial and industrial enterprises, including the tax levied on the sum of wages (die Gewerbesteuer einschlieblich der Lohnsummensteuer); 
7.	the land tax (die Grundsteuer); 
8.	the tax on agricultural and forestry enterprises (die Abgabe von land- und forstwirtschaftlichen Betrieben); 
9.	the tax on the value of vacant plots (die Abgabe vom Bodenwert bei unbebauten Grundstucken). 
(b)	in Cyprus: 
1.	the income tax; 
2.	the special contribution; 
3.	the capital gains tax; 
4.	the immovable property tax. 
(4)	The Convention shall apply also to any identical or substantially similar taxes which are imposed after the date of signature of the Convention in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes. At the end of each year, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall notify each other of changes which have been made in their respective taxation laws. 

Article 3 
General Definitions 
(1)	For the purposes of this Convention, unless the context otherwise requires: 
(a)	the term "Austria" means the Republic of Austria; 
(b)	the term "Cyprus" means the Republic of Cyprus and when used in a geographical sense includes the national territory, the territorial sea of Cyprus as well as other maritime areas over which Cyprus, in accordance with international law, exercises sovereign rights or jurisdiction. 
(c)	the term "person" includes an individual, a company and any other body of persons; 
(d)	the term "company" means any body corporate or any entity which is treated as a body corporate for tax purposes; 
(e)	the terms "enterprise of a Contracting State" and "enterprise of the other Contracting State" mean respectively an enterprise carried on by a resident of a Contracting State and an enterprise carried on by a resident of the other Contracting State; 
(f)	the term "international traffic" means any transport by a ship or aircraft operated by an enterprise which has its place of effective management in a Contracting State, except when the ship or aircraft is operated solely between places in the other Contracting State; 
(g)	the term "competent authority" means: 
(i)	in Austria: the Federal Minister of Finance; 
(ii)	in Cyprus: the Minister of Finance or his authorised representative. 
(2)	As regards the application of the Convention by a Contracting State any term not defined therein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning which it has under the law of that State concerning the taxes to which the Convention applies. 

Article 4 
Resident 
(1)	For the purposes of this Convention, the term "resident of a Contracting State" means any person who, under the laws of that State, is liable to tax therein by reason of his domicile, residence, place of management or any other criterion of a similar nature. But this term does not include any person who is liable to tax in that State in respect only of income from sources in that State or capital situated therein. 
(2)	Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then his status shall be determined as follows: 
(a)	he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has a permanent home available to him; if he has a permanent home available to him in both States, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State with which his personal and economic relations are closer (centre of vital interests); 
(b)	if the State in which he has his centre of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he has not a permanent home available to him in either State, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has an habitual abode; 
(c)	if he has an habitual abode in both States or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State of which he is a national; 
(d)	if he is a national of both States or of neither of them, the competent authorities of the Contracting State shall endeavour to settle the question by mutual agreement according to Article 25. 
(3)	Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then it shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which its place of effective management is situated. 

Article 5 
Permanent Establishment 
(1)	For the purposes of this Convention, the term "permanent establishment" means a fixed place of business through which the business of an enterprise is wholly or partly carried on. 
(2)	The term "permanent establishment" includes especially: 
(a)	a place of management; 
(b)	a branch; 
(c)	an office; 
(d)	a factory; 
(e)	a workshop, and 
(f)	a mine, an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural resources. 
(3)	A building site or construction or installation project constitutes a permanent establishment only if it lasts more than 24 months. 
(4)	Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article the term "permanent establishment" shall be deemed not to include: 
(a)	the use of facilities solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise; 
(b)	the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery; 
(c)	the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of processing by another enterprise; 
(d)	the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of purchasing goods or merchandise or of collecting information, for the enterprise; 
(e)	the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of carrying on, for the enterprise, any other activity of a preparatory or auxiliary character; 
(f)	the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for any combination of activities mentioned in sub-paragraphs (a) to (e), provided that the overall activity of the fixed place of business resulting from this combination is of a preparatory or auxiliary character. 
(5)	Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, where a person - other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 6 applies - is acting on behalf of an enterprise and has, and habitually exercises, in a Contracting State an authority to conclude contracts in the name of the enterprise, that enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in that State in respect of any activities which that person undertakes for the enterprise, unless the activities of such person are limited to those mentioned in paragraph 4 which, if exercised through a fixed place of business, would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provisions of that paragraph. 
(6)	An enterprise shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in a Contracting State merely because it carries on business in that State through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, provided that such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business. 
(7)	The fact that a company which is a resident of a Contracting State controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State or which carries on business in that other State (whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other. 

Article 6 
Income From Immovable Property 
(1)	Income derived by a resident of a Contracting State from immovable property (including income from agriculture or forestry) situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State. 
(2)	The term "immovable property" shall have the meaning which it has under the law of the Contracting State in which the property in question is situated. The term shall in any case include property accessory to immovable property, livestock and equipment used in agriculture and forestry, rights to which the provisions of general law respecting landed property apply, usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as consideration for the working of, or the right to work, mineral deposits, sources and other natural resources; ships, boats and aircraft shall not be regarded as immovable property. 
(3)	The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting, or use in any other form of immovable property. 
(4)	The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise and to income from immovable property used for the performance of independent personal services. 

Article 7 
Business Profits 
(1)	The profits of an enterprise of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that State unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other State but only so much of them as is attributable to that permanent establishment. 
(2)	Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, where an enterprise of a Contracting State carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each Contracting State be attributed to that permanent establishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment. 
(3)	In determining the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment, including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the State in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere. 
(4)	Insofar as it has been customary in a Contracting State to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that Contracting State from determining the profits to be taxed by such an apportionment as may be customary; the method of apportionment adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles contained in this Article. 
(5)	No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise. 
(6)	For the purposes of the preceding paragraphs, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary. 
(7)	Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Convention, then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article. 
(8)	The term "profits" as used in this Article includes the profits derived by any partner from his participation in a partnership including a participation in a sleeping partnership. 

Article 8 
Shipping And Air Transport 
(1)	Profits from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be taxable only in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated. 
(2)	If the place of effective management of a shipping enterprise is aboard a ship, then it shall be deemed to be situated in the Contracting State in which the home harbour of the ship is situated, or, if there is no such home harbour, in the Contracting State of which the operator of the ship is a resident. 
(3)	The provisions of paragraph 1 shall also apply to profits from the participation in a pool, a joint business or an international operating agency. 

Article 9 
Associated Enterprises 
(1)	Where 
(a)	an enterprise of a Contracting State participates directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of the other Contracting State, or 
(b)	the same persons participate directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of a Contracting State and an enterprise of the other Contracting State. 
and in either case conditions are made or imposed between the two enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly. 
(2)	Where a Contracting State includes in the profits of an enterprise of that State - and taxes accordingly - profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting State has been charged to tax in that other State and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first-mentioned State if the conditions made between the two enterprises had been those which would have been made between independent enterprises, then that other State shall make an appropriate adjustment to the amount of the tax charged therein on those profits. In determining such adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Convention and the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall if necessary consult each other. 

Article 10 
Dividends 
(1)	Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State. 
(2)	However, such dividends may also be taxed in the Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident and according to the laws of that State, but if the recipient is the beneficial owner of the dividends the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of the dividends. 
(3)	The term "dividends" as used in this Article means income from shares, "jouissance" shares or "jouissance" rights, founders' shares or other rights, not being debt-claims, participating in profits, as well as income from other corporate rights which is subjected to the same taxation treatment as income from shares by the laws of the State of which the company making the distribution is a resident. In the case of Austria the term "dividends" as used in this Article includes also income from "participation shares" ("Partizipationsscheine") in the sense of the Austrian Law on credit affairs ("Kreditwesengesetz"). 
(4)	Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2 - as long as Cyprus does not impose tax at source on dividends - dividends paid by a company which is a resident of Cyprus to a resident of Austria shall not be subject to any tax imposed by Cyprus in excess of the tax imposed with respect to the profits or earnings out of which such dividends are paid. An individual resident of Austria shall be entitled to a refund of any Cyprus tax imposed with respect to the profits or earnings out of which a dividend is paid, to the extent that this tax exceeds the individual's tax liability in Cyprus, but may not be subject to any tax in addition to the one paid by the company. 
(5)	The provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 4 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 
(6)	Where a company which is a resident of a Contracting State derives profits or income from the other Contracting State, that other State may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company, except insofar as such dividends are paid to a resident of that other State or insofar as the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with a permanent establishment or a fixed base situated in that other State, nor subject the company's undistributed profits to a tax on the company's undistributed profits, even if the dividends paid or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other State. 

Article 11 
Interest 
(1)	Interest arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in that other State. 
(2)	The term "interest" as used in this Article means income from debt claims of every kind, whether or not secured by mortgage and whether or not carrying a right to participate in the debtor's profits, and in particular, income from government securities and income from bonds or debentures, including premiums and prizes attaching to such securities, bonds or debentures. Penalty charges for late payment shall not be regarded as interest for the purpose of this Article. 
(3)	The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the interest, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the interest arises, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the debt claim in respect of which the interest is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 
(4)	Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest, having regard to the debt claim for which it is paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention. 

Article 12 
Royalties 
(1)	Royalties arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in that other State if such resident is the beneficial owner of the royalties. 
(2)	The term "royalties" as used in this Article means payments of any kind received as a consideration for the use of, or the right to use, any copyright of literary, artistic or scientific work including cinematograph films, any patent, trade mark, design or model, plan, secret formula or process, or for the use of, or the right to use, industrial, commercial, or scientific equipment, or for information concerning industrial, commercial or scientific experience. 
(3)	The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the royalties arise, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the royalties are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 
(4)	Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention. 

Article 13 
Capital Gains 
(1)	Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of immovable property referred to in Article 6 and situated in the other Contracting State or from the alienation of shares in a company the assets of which consist wholly or almost wholly of such property may be taxed in that other State. 
(2)	Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or of movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a resident of a Contracting State in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing independent personal services including such gains from the alienation of such a permanent establishment (alone or with the whole enterprise) or of such fixed base, may be taxed in that other State. 
(3)	Gains from the alienation of ships or aircraft operated in international traffic, or movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships or aircraft shall be taxable only in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated. 
(4)	Gains from the alienation of any property other than that referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, shall be taxable only in the Contracting State of which the alienator is a resident. 

Article 14 
Independent Personal Services 
(1)	Income derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of professional services or other activities of an independent character shall be taxable only in that State unless he has a fixed base regularly available to him in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing his activities. If he has such a fixed base, the income may be taxed in the other State but only so much of it as is attributable to that fixed base. 
(2)	The term "professional services" includes especially independent scientific, literary, artistic, educational or teaching activities as well as the independent activities of physicians, lawyers, engineers, architects, dentists and accountants. 

Article 15 
Dependent Personal Services 
(1)	Subject to the provisions of Articles 16, 18 and 19, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting State. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other State. 
(2)	Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned State if: 
(a)	the recipient is present in the other State for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in the fiscal year concerned, and 
(b)	the remuneration is paid by, or on behalf of, an employer who is not a resident of the other State, and 
(c)	the remuneration is not borne by a permanent establishment or a fixed base which the employer has in the other State. 
(3)	Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article remuneration derived in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft operated in international traffic may be taxed in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated. 

Article 16 
Directors' Fees 
Directors' fees and other similar payments derived by a resident of a Contracting State in his capacity as a member of the board of directors of a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State. 

Article 17 
Artistes And Athletes 
(1)	Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 14 and 15, income derived by a resident of a Contracting State as an entertainer, such as a theatre, motion picture, radio or television artiste, or a musician, or as an athlete, from his personal activities as such exercised in the other Contracting State, may be taxed in that other State. 
(2)	Where income in respect of personal activities exercised by an entertainer or an athlete in his capacity as such accrues not to the entertainer or athlete himself but to another person, that income may, notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 7, 14 and 15, be taxed in the Contracting State in which the activities of the entertainer or athlete are exercised. 

Article 18 
Pensions 
Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 19, pensions and other similar remuneration paid to a resident of a Contracting State in consideration of past employment shall be taxable only in that State. 

Article 19 
Government Service 
(1) 	(a) 	Remuneration, other than a pension, paid by a Contracting State or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or subdivision or authority shall be taxable only in that State. 
(b)	However, such remuneration shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the services are rendered in that State and the individual is a resident of that State who: 
(i)	is a national of that State; or 
(ii)	did not become a resident of that State solely for the purpose of rendering the services. 
(2)	Paragraph 1 shall also apply to remuneration received by the members of the staff of the Austrian Trade Commissioner for Cyprus. 
(3) 	(a) 	Any pension paid by, or out of funds created by, a Contracting State or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or subdivision or authority shall be taxable only in that State. 
(b)	However, such pension shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the individual is a resident of, and a national of, that State. 
(4)	The provisions of Articles 15, 16 and 18 shall apply to remuneration and pensions in respect of services rendered in connection with a business carried on by a Contracting State or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof. 

Article 20 
Students And Business Apprentices 
(1)	Payments which a student or business apprentice who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting State a resident of the other Contracting State and who is present in the first-mentioned State solely for the purpose of his education or training receives for the purpose of his maintenance, education or training shall not be taxed in that State, provided that such payments arise from sources outside that State. 
(2)	Remuneration which a student or business apprentice who is or was formerly a resident of a Contracting State derives from an employment which he exercises in the other Contracting State for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in the fiscal year concerned shall not be taxed in that other State if the employment is directly related to his studies or apprenticeship. 

Article 21 
Other Income 
(1)	Items of income of a resident of a Contracting State, wherever arising, not dealt with in the foregoing Articles of this Convention shall be taxable only in that State. 
(2)	The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to income, other than income from immovable property as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, if the recipient of such income, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the income is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 

Article 22 
Capital 
(1)	Capital represented by immovable property referred to in Article 6, owned by a resident of a Contracting State and situated in the other Contracting State, may be taxed in that other State. 
(2)	Capital represented by movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or by movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a resident of a Contracting State in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing independent personal services may be taxed in that other State. 
(3)	Capital represented by ships and aircraft operated in international traffic and by movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships and aircraft, shall be taxable only in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated. 
(4)	All other elements of capital of a resident of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that State. 

Article 23 
Elimination Of Double Taxation 
(1)	Where a resident of a Contracting State derives income or owns capital which, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention may be taxed in the other Contracting State, the first-mentioned State shall, subject to the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3, exempt such income or capital from tax. 
(2)	Where a resident of a Contracting State derives items of income which, in accordance with the provisions of Article 10 may be taxed in the other Contracting State, the first-mentioned State shall allow as a deduction from the tax on the income of that resident an amount equal to the tax finally paid in that other State taking into account the tax payable in respect of the profits out of which the dividend is paid. Such deduction shall not, however, exceed that part of the tax, as computed before the deduction is given which is attributable to such items of income derived from that other State. 
(3)	For the purposes of paragraph 2, where by reason of special provisions for the promotion of industrial development, Cyprus tax has been reduced to less than 15 per cent the tax paid in Cyprus shall be deemed to have been 15 per cent of the gross amount of the dividend. 
(4)	Where in accordance with any provision of the Convention income derived or capital owned by a resident of a Contracting State is exempt from tax in that State, such State may nevertheless, in calculating the amount of tax on the remaining income or capital of such resident, take into account the exempted income or capital. 

Article 24 
Non-discrimination 
(1)	Nationals of a Contracting State shall not be subjected in the other Contracting State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which nationals of that other State in the same circumstances are or may be subjected. This provision shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 1, also apply to persons who are not residents of one or both of the Contracting States. 
(2)	The term "nationals" means: 
(a)	all individuals possessing the nationality of a Contracting State; 
(b)	all legal persons, partnerships and associations deriving their status as such from the laws in force in a Contracting State. 
(3)	The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State shall not be less favourably levied in that other State than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other State carrying on the same activities. This provision shall not be construed as obliging a Contracting State to grant to residents of the other Contracting State any personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents. 
(4)	Except where the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 9, paragraph 4 of Article 11, or paragraph 4 of Article 12, apply, interest, royalties and other disbursements paid by an enterprise of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable profits of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been paid to a resident of the first-mentioned State. Similarly, any debts of an enterprise of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable capital of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been contracted to a resident of the first-mentioned State. 
(5)	Enterprises of a Contracting State, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting State, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of the first-mentioned State are or may be subjected. 
(6)	The provisions of this Article shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 2, apply to taxes of every kind and description. 

Article 25 
Mutual Agreement Procedure 
(1)	Where a person considers that the actions of one or both of the Contracting States result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, he may, irrespective of the remedies provided by the domestic law of those States, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting State of which he is a resident or, if his case comes under paragraph 1 of Article 24, to that of the Contracting State of which he is a national. The case must be presented within three years from the first notification of the action resulting in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of the Convention. 
(2)	The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at a satisfactory solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting State, with a view to the avoidance of taxation which is not in accordance with the Convention. Any agreement reached shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic law of the Contracting States. 
(3)	The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of the Convention. They may also consult together for the elimination of double taxation in cases not provided for in the Convention. 
(4)	The competent authorities of the Contracting States may communicate with each other directly for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs. When it seems advisable in order to reach agreement to have an oral exchange of opinions, such exchange may take place through a Commission consisting of representatives of the competent authorities of the Contracting States. 

Article 26 
Exchange Of Information 
(1)	The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information as is necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Convention. The exchange of information is not restricted by Article 1. Any information received by a Contracting State shall be treated as secret in the same manner as information obtained under the domestic laws of that State and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) involved in the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, or the determination of appeals in relation to, the taxes covered by the Convention. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes. They may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions. 
(2)	In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 1 be construed so as to impose on a Contracting State the obligation: 
(a)	to carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws and administrative practice of that or of the other Contracting State; 
(b)	to supply information which is not obtainable under the laws or in the normal course of the administration of that or of the other Contracting State; 
(c)	to supply information which would disclose any trade, business, industrial, commercial or professional secret or trade process, or information, the disclosure of which would be contrary to public policy (ordre public). 

Article 27 
Diplomatic Agents And Consular Officers 
Nothing in this Convention shall affect the fiscal privileges of diplomatic agents or consular officers under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements. 

Article 28 
Entry Into Force 
(1)	This Convention shall be ratified and the instruments of ratification shall be exchanged at Nicosia as soon as possible. 
(2)	The Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the third month next following that in which the exchange of instruments of ratifications takes place and its provisions shall have effect in respect of taxes for any fiscal year beginning after December 31 in the calendar year in which the exchange of instruments of ratification takes place. 

Article 29 
Termination 
This Convention shall remain in force until terminated by a Contracting State. Either Contracting State may terminate the Convention, through diplomatic channels, by giving written notice of termination on or before the thirtieth day of June in a calendar year after the fifth year from the date of entry into force of the Convention. In such event, the Convention shall cease to have effect in respect of the taxes for any fiscal year beginning after December 31 in the calendar year in which the notice of termination has been given.